What is Stylistics and its Branches l Types of Stylistics l Branches of Stylistics l Aims and objectives of Stylistics

Stylistics 

Stylistics is a branch of applied linguistics concerned with the study of style in literary works, although not completely. Also known as literary linguistics, stylism refers to the figures, themes, and other figurative language used to differentiate and distinguish someone's writing.

Branches of Stylistics;

Literary stylistics:

The study of literary forms such as poetry, theatre, and prose. Literary stylistics is a discipline of study dealing with literary texts. While such a study may be linguistic or non-linguistic, it is essentially linguistic. The words Linguistic stylistics or linguostylism are sometimes used for the investigation or interpretation of literary events via the lens of linguistics, to emphasize this linguistic focus. The following stylistic elements are mainly subtypes of this stylistic literary language.

Interpretative Stylistics:

 The process through which linguistic aspects interact to produce meaningful art. This is the technique that most stylists today practice. It comprises a study of the linguistic information in a (literary) text, the unraveling and merging of the content, and the creative worth of the text. The interpretive stylist connects linguistic description to literary appreciation as described in a philological circle by Leo Spitzer, finding artistic function and connecting it with linguistic evidence, or first seeking linguistic characteristics in the text and linking it to the artistic motive. The conviction is that language patterns are intentionally selected to convey specific artistic or literary objectives and that both can rarely be separated.

Stylists consider themselves linguists and literary critics and combine the responsibilities of the two disciplines. This may be viewed as a more integrative way of analyzing literary style or literary works in general.

Corpus Stylistics: 

The study of the frequency of occurrences of distinct components in a text, for example, in order to establish the validity of a manuscript. Corpus stylistic study is the use of database techniques to the analysis of literary texts, with a special focus on the connection between linguistic description and literary appreciation as it relates to literary writings.

Discourse Stylistics: 

The study of how language is used to convey meaning, for example, through the use of parallelism, assonance, alliteration, and rhyme.

Feminist Stylistics: 

The similarities and differences between women's writing, the process of writing, and how women's writing is interpreted differently than men's. Sara Mills defines feminist stylistics as an approach that utilizes linguistic or language analysis to analyze texts. According to Mills, feminist stylistics is concerned with “analyzing the way that point of view, agency, metaphor, or transitivity are unexpectedly linked to issues of gender, to determine if women's writing practices can be described.  A feminist stylistics perspective of speech is that it communicates social and institutional prejudices, particularly the roles, social and emotional traits of men and women.Clearly, sexism and gender problems are intertwined in feminist stylistics.

Computational Stylistics: 

The study of a text's style through the use of computers. It emerged in the 1960s and uses computer-generated data to address various style issues. In “stylometry,” a computer generates statistics on the kinds, quantity, and length of words and sentences to let statisticians analyze texts with neutrality. These data from various texts may be utilized for both comparative reasons and authorship authentication. So, if a piece of writing has stylometric data that matches an author's data, it may be used to identify the author. The danger is that an author cannot change his style from text to text and that no two writers can write alike.

Cognitive Stylistics: 

It is the study of what occurs in the mind when language is encountered.

Evaluative Stylistics:

According to Richard Bradford, evaluative stylistics refers to a kind of analysis that use linguistic techniques to evaluate or measure the value, qualities, and shortcomings of a piece of writing. It is predicated on the idea that the quality of a text may be determined by the quality of the linguistic patterns that it uses The arrangement of two or more texts for the purpose of comparative analysis is one example of such an analysis.

Phonostylistics: 

Hartman and Stork define phonostylistics as “the study of the communicative role of sounds.  In practice, phonostylistics is one of the phonological levels at which statisticians may analyze a text (the others being grammatical, syntactic, and morphological, lexical (vocabulary), semantic, and contextual). A phonological analysis would identify (and functionally interpret) segmental (vowels and consonants) and linguistic characteristics (syllable, stress, rhythm, tone, intonation, etc). Alliteration, assonance, consonance, chiming, loudness, onomatopoeia, etc.

Sociostylistics: 

This is really a topic that examines, for instance, the language of authors regarded as social groupings (e.g. the Elizabethan University wits, pamphleteers, or trends in language). The focus is on how the language distinguishes specific socio-literary groups such as the metaphysical, the romanticists, African authors, imagists, expressionists, modernists, etc.

Conclusion:

Stylistics helps effectively and differently comprehend the language. The use of styling is also evident in our everyday lives as signs for reading, etc. And those stylistic styles examine how readers engage with text language to explain how we comprehend and how text is changed when we read them.

What is Literary Criticism in Stylistics l Difference between Stylistics and Literary Criticism l Similarities Between Linguistic Stylistics and Literary Criticism l

Stylistics is a linguistic science that studies typical choices made by different people and social groups in the use of a language, especially in literary language, regarding sound, form or vocabulary in different uses. Stylistic studies are the study of factors that distinguish, which have their characteristics in context. The language of advertising, politics, religion, particular authors, etc. or a language for some period is, for example, used individually in certain situations. That is, they all have a 'place' or they all have to use a certain 'style.'

Literary criticism is the study, evaluation and interpretation of literature. Literary theory, which is the philosophy of its techniques and purposes, often influences modern literary critique. While these responsibilities are closely interlinked, literary critics are neither always nor always theorists. The aim of linguistic stylistics is to differentiate and classify language components within a particular text. Some literary pieces are typically analysed in the literary style (basically fiction). Computer programmes may support text analysis in specific scenarios. The degree of imagination and creativity in writing is typically judged (of particular texts). The language study is turned into "language style" or "literary studies" or "literary stylism." As we can see, literary and stylistic styles are different (literary stylistics).

The only difference between stylistic and literary criticism is that literary criticism is directly subjective in its text evaluation and creativity comes independent of the test language form. In literature, the presence of literary criticism has been thoroughly examined. Aristotle wrote poetry, literary criticism, and theology, as well as a number of detailed studies of modern art. Plato's opponents also argued for the false, imitative, and secondary formations. Following that, both classical and mediaeval criticism focused mainly on religious works, and the many long epistemological and textual religious traditions had a significant impact on the study of secular writings. In the 9th century, literary analysis was still used in the form of Arabic poetry and ancient Arabic literature by Abdullah Ibn Al-Mu'taz in Kitab al-Badi and Al-Jahiz in al-Bayan wa-'al-Tabyin and al-Hayawan. Classical and mediaeval criticism, Renaissance criticism, Enlightenment criticism, nineteenth-century Romanticism, and New Criticism are all stages of literary criticism.

Importance of Literary Criticism:

The practical application of literary theory is literary criticism. It seeks to emphasize the importance of a text by describing the text, regardless of the language component of the text. A critic can look for the support of additional textual elements like the environment, socio-politics, and geography, but leaves out the language features of the text. The Stylistic and Literary critics both choose to decipher the public in a familiar community manner a literary or non-literary text that is foreign to the public so as to be understood and relevant to non-specialized persons of different approaches.

Conclusion:
Stylistics is a branch of linguistics that bridges the gap between literature and language. It is the linguistic study of style, in which techniques and concepts from current linguistics are used to the study of literature in order to determine the style of a text. It is concerned with the choices that are accessible as well as the explanation of why certain decisions have been made.

What is Style and Stylistics l Traditional Concept of Style l Modern and Linguistic Concept of Style l Modern concept of style in stylistics l Old Concept of Style l Linguistic Concept of Style

What is Style?

Style:- A dictionary of literary terms defines style as: "A prose or poetry's particular expression; how a certain author explains things. The examination and evaluation of styles involve evaluating a writer's choice of word, his speech figures, (rhetoric or other) arrangements for the structure of his sentences, the form of the paragraphs of a writer – in fact, all the conceivable parts of his own language, and the way he uses it. Style resists full analysis or definition.The sound and voice of the writer himself are as peculiar to him as his laughter, strolling, handwriting, and facial expressions."

Stylistics :
Stylistics is a field that investigates the way language is used, and which studies the language styles of use. stylistics is a linguistic discipline that applies the studies of style to the theory and practice of modern linguistics.

Definition of stylistic:
Stylistic is a linguistics industry that investigates the style of different language variations on different levels, in a scientific and methodical fashion.

The Stylistics Scope:
the literary style styles focusing on the unique characteristics of diverse literary works, such as poems, novels, proses, playwrights, etc. •

Broad stylistics to concentrate on general aspects, including speeches and other practical styles, of many sorts of language use. Stylistics is a broad term that has taken on several meanings from various language experts. But it can just be said to be a style study. Lucas' own style (1955) is efficient use of language, especially for prose, for making claims, or for exciting emotions. First of all, it entails the power to make things clear and brief. The style was also defined as the description and study of linguistic element variety for actual language use. 

Leech (1969) quotes Aristotle as saying that "the most efficient method of achieving clarity, diction, and a certain dignity is by using words that have been transformed." Stylistics is also defined as a study of the different styles in a given statement or in a written text or document. The consistent appearance in a speech, an utterance, or in a given text of specific structures, pieces, and elements is one of the fundamental issues of Stylistics. The utilization of traditional levels of language description such as tone, form, structure, and meaning is needed for stylistics. It follows that one of the key stylistic concerns is the consistent presence of specific structures, items, and parts in speech utterances or in a given text.

language Stylistic research deals with the language variations and the analysis of certain of their formal linguistic aspects. The core and utility of style are that it makes it possible to understand utterances and texts immediately and to maximise our enjoyment of the writings. The notions of language style and style variation are founded on the fundamental assumption that the content can be coded in more than one linguistic form inside the language system. It can so work at all language levels, such as phonological, lexical, and syntactic. Stil can therefore be seen as a choice of linguistic methods, as a difference between language standards, as recurring elements of linguistic forms and comparisons. Stylistics covers a vast variety of linguistic styles that can be used to create various texts, whether spoken or written, monologue or dialogue, official or informal, scientific or religious, etc. Again, style concerns the study of the language of literature or the language habits of certain authors and their patterns of writing. From the foregoing, stylistics can be considered to be the explanatory procedures that allow us to objectively define in language the actions of an author (language or non-linguistic). 

Traditional Style Concept:- 

The style was an antique study object. Aristotle, Cicero, and Demetrius saw the style as the correct ornamentation for ideas. Style devices that existed throughout the Renaissance may be classified in this respect. The essayist or speaker should frame his ideas with model sentences and defined "figures" that suit his method of speaking. The traditional idea of the styles is sufficiently influenced by thoughts in contrast to the ideas of Charles Bally, the Swiss philologist, and Leo Spitzer, the Austrian literary critic. Style in language, according to some who accept such concepts, is derived from the possibility of choosing between alternative forms of expression, for instance between "children," "children," "young people" and "young people." The theory stresses the link between linguistics and styles, as does Edward Sapir's thesis of form-based (Horace, Virgil and much of Latin literature) literature and content-based (Homer, Plato, Dante, and William Shakespeare) literature, which is almost untranslatable. Style is sometimes considered a sign of character. The classic epigram of Count de Buffon, which in his ''Discours sur le'' style means "Style is the man himself," emphasizes, although calculative decisions are taken, that an author's style is distinguished by his personality. An experienced author is able to rely on the power, via his regular use of sounds, words, and grammatical patterns, to portray his personality or vital perspective.

The classical criticism of 'Style' is subjective and unscientific, and the author considers it an intuitive insight into aesthetics. This concept of style is intrinsically ambiguous since the reader is able to share with the writer and critic the depth and sensitivity of intuitive perception. It is therefore undemocratic and imperial. Style is a writer's particular manner of expressing himself.

Modern style concept:-

In particular, in Britain, students such as Roger Fowler and M. A. K. Halliday investigated the link between social, contextual, and formal analysis in the twentieth century. The logical assumptions of style have also been questioned. Modern styles employ the instruments of formal linguistic analysis and of the literary critique process to extract the typical uses and aspects of language and rhetoric, rather than establishing normative or prescriptive norms and patterns. Jakobson's lecture, published in 1960 as Linguistics and Poetics, was mainly believed to be the first logical stylistic formula, and he argued that linguistic studies should be a subsidiary field of linguistics. Michael Halliday is an important character in the development of British aesthetics. His 1971 study of language function and literary style is one of the most important articles by William Golding. One of Halliday's contributions was the use of the word register to clarify the connections between language and its environment. The register is different from Halliday's dialect. Dialect refers to the normal language of a given user in a particular geographical or social environment.

Halliday's third category, fashion, is what he considers the symbolic arrangement of the situation. Downes finds two distinct aspects in the category of fashion and not only says it describes a relationship to this medium: written or spoken, but also the type of text. Halliday refers to the genre as a pre-coded language that not only used but defined textual significance by default.

The linguist William Downes points out that the principal quality of a register, no matter how weird or different, is that it is clear and easy to recognize. Approach to language style .

Linguistic Approach to Style:-
As linguistics scientifically analyses the language, it analyses style impersonally and objectively. Stylistics defines, researches, and analyses language methodology objectively and scientifically. Literature has historically been understood and the critic counted on his superior vision and the readers' arbitrary excellent taste. Stylistics, on the other hand, accurately analyses a literary piece. Descriptive linguistics provides a stylistic study of text at linguistic description phonological, syntactic, and semanticizing levels. Stylistics employs its own meta-language and terms for the analysis of a text and its structures. The communication power of these separated language elements and structures is scientifically evaluated.

Riffaterre has clearly defined the purpose and function of stylistics: "The coding of the author is permanent, but the decoding process evolves as language develops over time. Stylistics should include this constancy and alter simultaneity." The definition of style by M. Riffaterre is more informative and suggests the role of stylistic: "Style is the way in which the... encoder guarantees that its message is decoded such that the reader not only understands but shares the writer's attitude to it." In Aitchison's opinion, "Linguistic literary language study is known as stylistic... Word style and stylistics have gained a relatively specific, narrow use of applied literature linguistics." John Lyons describes stylism as "the study of stylistic variety in languages and how their users make use of it"

Conclusion:

The basic goal of stylistics is to enable us to comprehend the author's objective in the way that information was passed on to the author. The study of grammar, lexis, sémantics, as well as phonological characteristics and discourse devices thereby, concerns stylistics. The importance of the function that the chosen style fulfills is increasingly interested in Stylistics.

What is the difference between Text and Context l Types of Context in Stylistics l Text and Context in Literature

Stylistics
When it comes to stylistics, it is the study and interpretation of texts of all kinds, as well as spoken language, in terms of their linguistic and tonal style, where style is the distinctive variation of language employed by different people in different contexts or settings.

Text and Context in Stylistics
Text is the actual content of a piece, but the context is the historical, social, biographical, or literary background. One of the examples is that the novel A Christmas carol is the text, but the history of so-called Poverty Laws constitutes an important historical context for the subjects of charity and the poor. By comprehending the context (that is, the history of the poor laws, what they were, how the people answered them, etc.) the text itself is enriched. The Great Gatsby is a text, but the Roaring Twenties, which provides the setting for the novel, are significant contexts for understanding the motivations of the characters and the way their time affected their decisions and actions.

Notice that not just written works like books are included in the text. Scholars used the term text to refer to films or graphical novels, both media that work more in visuals than words. The movie Casablanca, for instance, can be considered as a text with World War II (both the story setting and the film production) which provides the appropriate backdrop to grasp what the text tries to convey about neutrality, heroism, and time of war.

The term "text" refers in literary studies simply to the word written on the page. When we talk about text, we talk about the actual and literal words that a writer uses. So when we use the term, we don't talk about what it means (which would be subtext). 

While text can mean and text can express, our connection to text is nevertheless always to the actual words to be interpreted. An analogy may be the comparison of the text with the artwork. The painting is a physical subject that can communicate ideas and feelings to the audience, but we always refer to the painting's physical presence, surface and reality. We interpret and thereby discover the meaning of the physical object.

Context is a situation (or surroundings). This phrase might define the circumstances in a story (or within a text). If a character is stuck after a boat has sunk on a desert island, this would be described as the context. Context can also define the situation in which a work was written. A novel created after WWII about the relationship between the United States and Russia has a distinct cultural and political background which gives a framework for identifying certain specific meanings in the text.

Types of context in Stylistics

Authorial context
If a writer writes from imagination, their life influences their work. A poet's principal character, narrator, or speaker may be an author.

 
Socio-historical context
Literature typically criticizes its own society. It's a societal criticism. 

Philosophical context
What is the right human response to the universe?
Is the creator still involved? Good, awful, or neutral? Human acts are ethical or moral. 

Literary context
The literary context is background knowledge or circumstances that you present to explain why something takes place; it can also be the backdrop to a character that informs his conduct and personality.

Critical context
Criticism comes after publishing. So critics begin to speak. Book evaluations usually describe a work's theme, tone, and style. They disclose something about the work that the average reader may miss. It helps to retrace the creator's steps. 

Conclusion
In Stylistics text is defined as what has been written. The context of a situation is what is taking place when an action is taking place. Example: If you said someone was expressing their opinions, the context indicates that you are referring to someone else. Someone may believe you are the one who is giving an opinion if the statement is taken out of context.

What is Text in Stylistics l The Text in Stylistics l Role of text in Stylistics l Importance of Text in linguistics l Role of Text in literature

A text is traditionally considered to be a document in written or spoken form (as opposed to a paraphrase or summary). A text is any language expression that can be comprehended in context. It may be as basic as 1-2 words (e.g. a stop sign) or as difficult as a book.

A text is usually regarded as a written or spoken document (as opposed to a paraphrase or summary). 

A text is any linguistic part that may be understood in context. It may be as simple as 1-2 words (for instance, a stop sign) or as hard as a novel. Any number of sentences that belong to each other may be considered a text.

Role of text in Stylistics:

The text refers to content rather than form; for example, the words "Don Quixote" would be referred to in a book, not the real book itself. Information about a text, often written next to it — for example, the name of the author, the publisher, the publication date, etc.. — is referred to as a paratext.

The idea of what constitutes a text has evolved throughout time. In recent years, the concept of texts has been extended to incorporate symbols such as emoticons and avatars by technological dynamics, especially social media. As an example, a sociologist studying teenage communication may refer to writings combining conventional English with visual symbols.

Importance of Text in linguistics:

Text linguistics is a scientific field in which text is viewed as a communication system. The language study expands beyond the single sentence and focuses especially on context, i.e. information with words and texts. The context includes aspects such as the social link between two speakers, communication location, and non-verbal information such as the language of the body. Linguists utilize this context information to determine the "socio-cultural environment" in which the text appears.

A text in literature

A piece of written material, such as a book or poetry, that has the quality of being a literary text The objective of a fictional novel is to tell a tale or to entertain the reader. Its principal duty is to serve as a. Text is usually intended to be aesthetically pleasing, but it may also carry political messages or religious ideas. 

Meaning of the text

Surface texts are the actual words that people see or hear when they are looking at or listening to something. The cohesion of a surface text is concerned with the ways in which the components of the surface text are connected to one another within a sequence. The grammatical dependencies in surface texts serve as important cues for distinguishing between meanings and purposes.

The Code in Stylistics l Role of Code in Stylistics l Code and Convention in Stylistics

The fundamental components of speech, writing, and visual language communicate meaning when they mix in arrangements or patterns widely recognized. The interaction of codes forms these patterns of sounds, spelling, and grammar. Codes are sign systems used to transmit messages. The two kinds of codes that may be discovered are technical codes and symbolic codes. All methods the equipment is used to communicate the story in media texts, for example, the operation of the camera in a film, are regarded to be technical codes. 

Symbolic codes show what we can see and comprehend beneath the surface. 

For example, the behaviors of a character may show how they feel at any moment. Some codes may be categorized as both technical and symbolic, with music being classified as both, for example.

Conventions:
Conventions are the widely recognized methods to accomplish something. There are basic norms in every media, such as the usage of quotations in a printed piece, but conventions are also of the genre.

Typical techniques for the use of these systems (eg. paragraph structure, genre, framing of images, dramatic gestures, etc).

Letters and morphemes are joined in word-forming patterns in these processes. Greater units of meaning, like phrases or pictures, are provided with verbal, visual, audible, social, and digital signals and are then organized in paragraphs, debates, films, websites, and many more publications.

The design of codes and standards often defines a kind of text and connects a text to a wider collection of texts. These sets may be connected by form, purpose, media, author, and context (sometimes layout). We may also find a recurrence or echo of an idea, symbol, or word or phrase unique to the specific piece. Innovation occurs when the composer uses written, verbal and visual information to produce new texts via language and experimentation.

The terms code and convention suggest rigidity yet are flexible and adapted to different audiences, goals, and new technologies. Codes are signals that allow for different interpretations and conventions and are customary and accepted arrangements. The codes or signals used in letter writing, for example, have adapted to contemporary communication forms, such as email, texts, and social media, such as a certain hue, a chiming clock.

Importance of Code:

Understanding codes and standards simplify reading and writing. It basically entails comprehending written patterns and linking these patterns with noises and more sophisticated reading methods such as skimming and discovery by means of digital and longer texts. More essential understanding of norms and standards contributes to a prediction, establishes expectations, and permits the passage of complicated texts.

Our knowledge is shown via codes and conventions in the models given in a book. For successful communication, knowledge of patterns is important. The broader and deeper the familiarity the more complicated the processes of student thought and interpretation are and the more accurate. Students must grasp word families and the general and grammatical forms usually in written, spoken, and visual media. Understanding and the ability to apply these standards and criteria gives an idea of how different they are and how their influence and uniqueness may be used.

Stylistics Short Questions and Answers l Stylistic Analysis Questions l Objective of Stylistics

Define Stylistics?

Stylistics is the study of language style. On the other hand, it attempts to explain why people react to texts in the manner they do.

What is the phase of Stylistics analysis? 

1.Analytic Phase.
2.interpretive Phase.

Define Analytic phase? 

In the Analytic phase, a Stylistic selects the Linguistic features in a literary text.

What is an interpretive phase?

 In it, a Stylistic brings together Linguistics features.

Define cohesion? 

Cohesion is the grammatical and lexical relationship within a text or sentence.

Define implicature?

 Implicature refers to what is suggested in an utterance, even though not expressed.

What do you know about the flouting maxim? 

It is used to directly convey the message or information. Mostly Writer uses irony and sarcasm.

What is the Cooperative principle maxim In Stylistics?

 In it, we must assume that both people in a conversation are cooperating.

What is code-switching?

Speakers of more than one language are known for their ability to code-switch. It is the use of more than one language

Define Discourse analysis?

Discourse is a term used to describe the systems we use in communication with others.

Define Graphology?

It is the study of the writing system of a language.

What are the lexical categories?

Following are the categories;
Nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs.

Define Personification? 

In which poets give human qualities to an animal, object, or idea. for example; The flowers danced on the lawn.

What is onomatopoeia? 

The use of words whose sounds suggest their meanings.
The Buzz of the bee.
The bang of a Gun.

What is the maxim of manner? 

In it always avoid the ambiguity of expressions. Always be brief.

Define maxim of quality? 

Always say what is true don't say anything that you believe is false, or you cannot defend.

Define maxim of quantity? 

Always give information that is required. Don't exaggerate any statement.

Define maxim of relevance? 

Always say things that are relevant to the topic under discussion.

Define Narrative?

 A Narrative is a story. It can be fictional or non-fictional.

Define Dramatic conventions?

Dramatic conventions are vital techniques the writers and the director has employed to create a desired dramatic effect style.

Define Autonomy?

 Autonomy is a concept found in moral, political, philosophy.

What is the process in Stylistics?

 Processes are the happenings or states of affairs represented in a clause. They are realized by verb phrases (went, started, drank)

Define Participants? 

Participants are those elements that denote who or what is directly involved in the process. They are typically realized by noun phrases.

What is the point of view? 

In Stylistics It refers to who is telling a story or who is narrating it.

Differentiate between text context?

The text is an object that can be read. It can be a book or other written material. while context, the environment in which the text is read, environment may be social and political.

What do you know about Expressive and commissive speech?

Expressive: this speech act includes saying thank you.
Commissive: Commissive speech act bids the speaker about saying swear, threaten, etc.

What is the modality in Stylistics?

 It is about a speaker's or writer's attitude towards the World.

What is foregrounding? 

It means to highlight anything, idea, or concept. There are four forces of foregrounding interpretation, repetition, deviation, parallelism.

What do you know about the term Emphatic deixis? 

It shows the emotional or psychological connection between speaker and listener.

What is Discourse? 

In linguistics, A unit of language longer than a single sentence is called discourse.

How can you describe deviation? 

The deviation starts when we have a set of rules which are broken in some way, For example, this Line has just changed so because of it our expectations and set of rules have broken this is called deviation. 

What are the types of deviation? 

Lexical deviation
Grammatical deviation
Phonological deviation
Graphological deviation.

What is style? 

The style is a way of showing the function of language. It is a way of catching attention.

What are the types of context?

 A context can be literary, biographical text, Historical text, political text.

Define Rhetoric? 

The art of speaking or writing effectively. In which the speaker motivates his audiences.

What are the types of rhetorical devices? 

Allusion, Alliteration, metaphor, hyperbole.

Define oxymoron?

A Rhetorical figure in which contradictory terms combine.for example ;
Cruel -kindness.
Small -Crowd.

What is a register? 

A language according to the profession is called register.

What is Deconstruction? 

It is a form of philosophical and literary analysis. It is the philosophy of meaning.

Define Introspection? 

Introspection is the process of observing and reflecting on one's thoughts, feelings, or states.

What do you understand by Genre in Stylistics? 

It means kind or form and it refers to major types of Literature. Poetry, drama, novel.

What are the types of Stylistics?

 Literary Stylistics.
Linguistics Stylistics.